Splat-based Metal Artifact Reduction in Cone-Beam CT via Polychromatic Modeling
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Date
2026
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
The Eurographics Association and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Abstract
Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) enables volumetric reconstruction from X-ray projections, but suffers from severe artifacts-especially beam hardening-when imaging materials with high attenuation such as metals. These artifacts arise from the polychromatic nature of X-rays and are not properly addressed by conventional monochromatic reconstruction algorithms. While recent neural representation-based methods offer improved reconstruction quality, they are computationally expensive and often impractical for deployment. We propose a novel physics-inspired, self-calibrating metal artifact reduction method that efficiently reconstructs 3D CBCT volumes while correcting beam hardening artifacts. Our method integrates a polychromatic X-ray projection model, material-dependent attenuation profiles, and system response modeling into a Gaussian Splatting framework. Unlike prior work, we eliminate the need for manual metal masks or strong prior assumptions, and we optimize both reconstruction parameters and X-ray spectral characteristics jointly during training. We further introduce a high-fidelity synthetic CBCT dataset generation pipeline validated on Monte-Carlo x-ray simulation toolbox and release new datasets with severe metal-induced artifacts to support the community. This is the first splat-based method for reducing beam hardening in CBCT. Extensive experiments on both synthetic and real-world datasets demonstrate that our method outperforms state-of-the-art approaches in artifact suppression and reconstruction accuracy.
Description
@article{10.1111:cgf.70339,
journal = {Computer Graphics Forum},
title = {{Splat-based Metal Artifact Reduction in Cone-Beam CT via Polychromatic Modeling}},
author = {Choi, Kiseok and Kim, Inchul and Cho, Jaemin and Cho, Hyeongjun and Kim, Min H.},
year = {2026},
publisher = {The Eurographics Association and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.},
ISSN = {1467-8659},
DOI = {10.1111/cgf.70339}
}