EG 2013 - STARs
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Item Modeling Terrains and Subsurface Geology(The Eurographics Association, 2013) Natali, Mattia; Lidal, Endre M.; Parulek, Julius; Viola, Ivan; Patel, Daniel; M. Sbert and L. Szirmay-KalosThe process of creating terrain and landscape models is important in a variety of computer graphics and visualization applications, from films and computer games, via flight simulators and landscape planning, to scientific visualization and subsurface modelling. Interestingly, the modelling techniques used in this large range of application areas have started to meet in the last years. In this state-of-the-art report, we present two taxonomies of different modelling methods. Firstly we present a data oriented taxonomy, where we divide modelling into three different scenarios: the data-free, the sparse-data and the dense-data scenario. Then we present a workflow oriented taxonomy, where we divide modelling into the separate stages necessary for creating a geological model. We start the report by showing that the new trends in geological modelling are approaching the modelling methods that have been developed in computer graphics. We then give an introduction to the process of geological modelling followed by our two taxonomies with descriptions and comparisons of selected methods. Finally we discuss the challenges and trends in geological modelling.Item State of the Art of Parallel Coordinates(The Eurographics Association, 2013) Heinrich, Julian; Weiskopf, Daniel; M. Sbert and L. Szirmay-KalosThis work presents a survey of the current state of the art of visualization techniques for parallel coordinates. It covers geometric models for constructing parallel coordinates and reviews methods for creating and understanding visual representations of parallel coordinates. The classification of these methods is based on a taxonomy that was established from the literature and is aimed at guiding researchers to find existing techniques and identifying white spots that require further research. The techniques covered in this survey are further related to an established taxonomy of knowledge-discovery tasks to support users of parallel coordinates in choosing a technique for their problem at hand. Finally, we discuss the challenges in constructing and understanding parallel-coordinates plots and provide some examples from different application domains.Item Computational Fabrication and Display of Material Appearance(The Eurographics Association, 2013) Hullin, Matthias B.; Ihrke, Ivo; Heidrich, Wolfgang; Weyrich, Tim; Damberg, Gerwin; Fuchs, Martin; M. Sbert and L. Szirmay-KalosAfter decades of research on digital representations of material and object appearance, computer graphics has more recently turned to the problem of creating physical artifacts with controllable appearance characteristics. While this work has mostly progressed in two parallel streams - display technologies as well as novel fabrication processes - we believe there is a large overlap and the potential for synergies between these two approaches. In this report, we summarize research efforts from the worlds of fabrication display, and categorize the different approaches into a common taxonomy. We believe that this report can serve as a basis for systematic exploration of the design space in future research.Item A Survey of Compressed GPU-Based Direct Volume Rendering(The Eurographics Association, 2013) Rodríguez, Marcos Balsa; Gobbetti, Enrico; Guitián, José A. Iglesias; Makhinya, Maxim; Marton, Fabio; Pajarola, Renato; Suter, Susanne K.; M. Sbert and L. Szirmay-KalosGreat advancements in commodity graphics hardware have favored GPU-based volume rendering as the main adopted solution for interactive exploration of rectilinear scalar volumes on commodity platforms. Nevertheless, long data transfer times and GPU memory size limitations are often the main limiting factors, especially for massive, time-varying or multi-volume visualization, or for networked visualization on the emerging mobile devices. To address this issue, a variety of level-of-detail data representations and compression techniques have been introduced. In order to improve capabilities and performance over the entire storage, distribution and rendering pipeline, the encoding/decoding process is typically highly asymmetric, and systems should ideally compress at data production time and decompress on demand at rendering time. Compression and level-of-detail pre-computation does not have to adhere to real-time constraints and can be performed off-line for high quality results. In contrast, adaptive real-time rendering from compressed representations requires fast, transient, and spatially independent decompression. In this report, we review the existing compressed GPU volume rendering approaches, covering compact representation models, compression techniques, GPU rendering architectures and fast decoding techniques.Item Glyph-based Visualization: Foundations, Design Guidelines, Techniques and Applications(The Eurographics Association, 2013) Borgo, Rita; Kehrer, Johannes; Chung, David H. S.; Maguire, Eamonn; Laramee, Robert S.; Hauser, Helwig; Ward, Matthew; Chen, Min; M. Sbert and L. Szirmay-KalosThis state of the art report focuses on glyph-based visualization, a common form of visual design where a data set is depicted by a collection of visual objects referred to as glyphs. Its major strength is that patterns of multivariate data involving more than two attribute dimensions can often be more readily perceived in the context of a spatial relationship, whereas many techniques for spatial data such as direct volume rendering find difficult to depict with multivariate or multi-field data, and many techniques for non-spatial data such as parallel coordinates are less able to convey spatial relationships encoded in the data. This report fills several major gaps in the literature, drawing the link between the fundamental concepts in semiotics and the broad spectrum of glyph-based visualization, reviewing existing design guidelines and implementation techniques, and surveying the use of glyph-based visualization in many applications.Item A Survey of Interaction Techniques for Interactive 3D Environments(The Eurographics Association, 2013) Jankowski, Jacek; Hachet, Martin; M. Sbert and L. Szirmay-KalosVarious interaction techniques have been developed for interactive 3D environments. This paper presents an upto- date and comprehensive review of the state of the art of non-immersive interaction techniques for Navigation, Selection & Manipulation, and System Control, including a basic introduction to the topic, the challenges, and an examination of a number of popular approaches. We hope that this survey can aid both researchers and developers of interactive 3D applications in having a clearer overview of the topic and in particular can be useful for practitioners and researchers that are new to the field of interactive 3D graphics.Item Structure-Aware Shape Processing(The Eurographics Association, 2013) Mitra, Niloy J.; Wand, Michael; Zhang, Hao; Cohen-Or, Daniel; Bokeloh, Martin; M. Sbert and L. Szirmay-KalosShape structure is about the arrangement and relations between shape parts. Structure-aware shape processing goes beyond local geometry and low level processing, and analyzes and processes shapes at a high level. It focuses more on the global inter and intra semantic relations among the parts of shape rather than on their local geometry. With recent developments in easy shape acquisition, access to vast repositories of 3D models, and simple-to-use desktop fabrication possibilities, the study of structure in shapes has become a central research topic in shape analysis, editing, and modeling. A whole new line of structure-aware shape processing algorithms has emerged that base their operation on an attempt to understand such structure in shapes. The algorithms broadly consist of two key phases: an analysis phase, which extracts structural information from input data; and a (smart) processing phase, which utilizes the extracted information for exploration, editing, and synthesis of novel shapes. In this survey paper, we organize, summarize, and present the key concepts and methodological approaches towards efficient structure-aware shape processing. We discuss common models of structure, their implementation in terms of mathematical formalism and algorithms, and explain the key principles in the context of a number of state-ofthe- art approaches. Further, we attempt to list the key open problems and challenges, both at the technical and at the conceptual level, to make it easier for new researchers to better explore and contribute to this topic. Our goal is to both give the practitioner an overview of available structure-aware shape processing techniques, as well as identify future research questions in this important, emerging, and fascinating research area.Item Scalable Realistic Rendering with Many-Light Methods(The Eurographics Association, 2013) Dachsbacher, Carsten; Krivánek, Jaroslav; Hasan, Milos; Arbree, Adam; Walter, Bruce; Novák, Jan; M. Sbert and L. Szirmay-KalosRecent years have seen increasing attention and significant progress in many-light rendering, a class of methods for the efficient computation of global illumination. The many-light formulation offers a unified mathematical framework for the problem reducing the full lighting transport simulation to the calculation of the direct illumination from many virtual light sources. These methods are unrivaled in their scalability: they are able to produce artifact-free images in a fraction of a second but also converge to the full solution over time. In this state-of-the-art report, we have three goals: give an easy-to-follow, introductory tutorial of many-light theory; provide a comprehensive, unified survey of the topic with a comparison of the main algorithms; and present a vision to motivate and guide future research. We will cover both the fundamental concepts as well as improvements, extensions, and applications of many-light rendering.Item Position-based Methods for the Simulation of Solid Objects in Computer Graphics(The Eurographics Association, 2013) Bender, Jan; Müller, Matthias; Otaduy, Miguel A.; Teschner, Matthias; M. Sbert and L. Szirmay-KalosThe dynamic simulation of solids has a long history in computer graphics. The classical methods in this field are based on the use of forces or impulses to simulate joints between rigid bodies as well as the stretching, shearing and bending stiffness of deformable objects. In the last years the class of position-based methods has become popular in the graphics community. These kinds of methods are fast, unconditionally stable and controllable which make them well-suited for the use in interactive environments. Position-based methods are not as accurate as force based methods in general but they provide visual plausibility. Therefore, the main application areas of these approaches are virtual reality, computer games and special effects in movies. This state of the art report covers the large variety of position-based methods that were developed in the field of deformable solids. We will introduce the concept of position-based dynamics, present dynamic simulation based on shape matching and discuss data-driven approaches. Furthermore, we will present several applications for these methods.