DH2013 - Track 3
Permanent URI for this collection
Track 3, Full Papers
Revealing shape semantics from morphological similarities of a collection of architectural elements. The case study of the columns of Saint-Michel de Cuxa.
[meta data] [files:
Buglio, David Lo
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Lardinois, Vanessa
;
Luca, Livio De
Track 3, Full Papers
As-Built BIM Modeling of Historic Buildings from Laser and Image Data
[meta data] [files:
Dore, Conor
;
Murphy, Maurice
Track 3, Full Papers
Integrating building information modelling and semantic web technologies for management of built heritage information
[meta data] [files:
Pauwels, Pieter
;
Mascio, Danilo Di
;
Meyer, Ronald De
Track 3, Full Papers
Building Information Modeling and real world knowledge
[meta data] [files:
Garagnani, Simone
Track 3, Full Papers
When script engravings reveal a semantic link between the conceptual and the spatial dimensions of a monument: the case of the Tomb of Emperor Qianlong.
[meta data] [files:
Luca, Livio De
;
Busayarat, Chawee
;
Domenico, Francesca De
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Lombardo, Julie
;
Pierrot-Deseilligny, Marc
;
Stefani, Chiara
;
Wang, Françoise
Track 3, Full Papers
From survey to HBIM for documentation, dissemination and management of built heritage. The case study of St.Maria in Scaria d Intelvi
[meta data] [files:
Brumana, Raffaella
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Oreni, Daniela
;
Raimondi, Anna
;
Georgopoulos, Andreas
;
Bregianni, Angeliki
;
Barazzetti, Luigi
Track 3, Full Papers
Application of Near Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy (NIRS) technology in the characterisation of construction materials in exceptional buildings: first results.
[meta data] [files:
Ureña, MarÃa Jesús Aguilera
;
Larriva, José Emilio Meroño de
;
Ballesteros, Andrés Ortega
;
Moreno, Alberto Jesús Perea
;
Neira, Julia Barrios
Track 3, Full Papers
Numerical analysis of historical masonry structures for stone degradation diagnosis : An application to the Roman Amphitheater of Nîmes
[meta data] [files:
Bagneris, Marine
;
Dubois, Frédéric
;
Martin, Alexandre
Track 3, Full Papers
A computer-assisted constraint-based system for assembling fragmented objects
[meta data] [files:
Palmas, Gregorio
;
Pietroni, Nico
;
Cignoni, Paolo
;
Scopigno, Roberto
Track 3, Full Papers
High performance hybrid FEM/DEM simulation tool for numerical analysis of historical structures
[meta data] [files:
Bagnéris, Marine
;
Dubois, Frédéric
;
Jean, Michel
;
Martin, Alexandre
;
Taforel, Paul
;
Visseq, Vincent
Track 3, Full Papers
Documentation and dissemination of Cultural Heritage: current solutions and considerations about its digital implementation
[meta data] [files:
Cimadomo, Guido
Track 3, Full Papers
The West Digital Conservatory of Archaeological Heritage project
[meta data] [files:
Barreau, Jean-Baptiste
;
Gaugne, Ronan
;
Bernard, Yann
;
Cloirec, Gaétan Le
;
Gouranton, Valérie
Track 3, Full Papers
Bologna porticoes project: a 3D repository for WHL UNESCO nomination
[meta data] [files:
Apollonio, Fabrizio Ivan
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Gaiani, Marco
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Felicori, Mauro
;
Guidazzoli, Antonella
;
Virgolin, Luigi
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Liguori, Maria Chiara
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Fallavollita, Federico
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Ballabeni, Massimo
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Sun, Zheng
;
Baglivo, Antonio
Track 3, Full Papers
Virtual Reconstruction and Experimental Attempt in Archaeology: The Massalian Treasury in Delphi
[meta data] [files:
Mulliez, Maud
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Jockey, Philippe
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Vincitore, Mauro
Track 3, Full Papers
A PageRank based predictive model for the estimation of the archaeological potential of an urban area
[meta data] [files:
Dubbini, Nevio
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Gattiglia, Gabriele
Track 3, Full Papers
Simulation of Past Life: Controlling Agent Behaviors from the Interactions between Ethnic Groups
[meta data] [files:
Lim, Chen Kim
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Cani, Marie-Paule
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Galvane, Quentin
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Pettre, Julien
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Talib, Abdullah Zawawi
Track 3, Full Papers
News Search Using Discourse Analytics
[meta data] [files:
Thompson, Paul
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Nawaz, Raheel
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Korkontzelos, Ioannis
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Ananiadou, Sophia
Track 3, Full Papers
Digital reconstruction and visualization in archaeology. Case-study drawn from the work of the Swedish Pompeii Project
[meta data] [files:
Dell'Unto, Nicolò
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Ferdani, Daniele
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Leander, Anne Marie
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Dellepiane, Matteo
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Callieri, Marco
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Lindgren, Stefan
Track 3, Full Papers
New Media Technology and Interpretation of Asian Art: Yuan Ming Yuan: Qing Emperors' Splendid Gardens
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Din, Herminia
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Lin, Fang-Yin
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Bailey, Darrell
Track 3, Full Papers
ATHENA: Automatic Text Height ExtractioN for the Analysis of old handwritten manuscripts
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Pintus, Ruggero
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Yang, Ying
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Rushmeier, Holly
Track 3, Short Papers
Orthogonal IRT Imaging
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Franzen, Christoph
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Siedler, Gunnar
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Franzen, Carola
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Vetter, Sebastian
Track 3, Short Papers
Finite Element Modelling of Contact in Rubble Stone Masonry
[meta data] [files:
Isfeld, Andrea
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Shrive, Nigel
Track 3, Short Papers
JAVANESE CHARACTERS IMAGE SEGMENTATION FROM DOCUMENT IMAGE OF HAMONG TANI
[meta data] [files:
Himamunanto, Rudatyo
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Widiarti, Anastasia Rita
Track 3, Short Papers
Laser-Scanned Tree Stem Filtering for Forest Inventories Measurements
[meta data] [files:
Ravaglia, Joris
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Bac, Alexandra
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Piboule, Alexandre
Track 3, Short Papers
IFC and CityGML : going further than LOD
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Tolmer, Charles-Edouard
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Castaing, Christophe
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Diab, Youssef
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Morand, Denis
Track 3, Short Papers
Automatic localization of tombs in aerial imagery: application to the digital archiving of cemetery heritage
[meta data] [files:
Chaumont, Marc
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Tribouillard, Louis
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Subsol, Gérard
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Courtade, Florian
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Pasquet, Jérôme
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Derras, Mustapha
Track 3, Short Papers
Portrait Sculptures of Augustus: Categorization via Local Shape Comparison
[meta data] [files:
Lu, Min
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Zhang, Yujin
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Zheng, Bo
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Masuda, Takeshi
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Ono, Shintaro
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Oishi, Takeshi
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Sengoku-Haga, Kyoko
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Ikeuchi, Katsushi
Track 3, Short Papers
Tracing provenance of lost and found Cypriot Byzantine icons
[meta data] [files:
Vassallo, Valentina
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Kyriakou, Niki
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Hermon, Sorin
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Eliades, Ioannis
Track 3, Short Papers
Image Fusion for Difference Visualization in Art Analysis
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Blaµek, Jan
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Zitova, Barbara
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Flusser, Jan
Track 3, Short Papers
Placing Intangible Cultural Heritage
[meta data] [files:
Karavia, Despoina
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Georgopoulos, Andreas
Track 3, Short Papers
The patrimonialization process of advertising : from scorn and mistrust to documentary heritage, archive, and history
[meta data] [files:
Armand, Cécile
Track 3, Short Papers
Investigating a multi-paradigm system for the management of archaeological data: Corpus Lapidum Burgundiae
[meta data] [files:
Leclercq, Eric
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Savonnet, Marinette
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Troya, Andres
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Buttner, Stephane
Track 3, Short Papers
A Model to anticipate and analyse Requirements of Heritage Organisations wishing to actively participate in Europeana
[meta data] [files:
Muhammad, Naeem
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Koutalieris, George
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Streefkerk, Marco
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Poot, Nathalie
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Alloing, Sam
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Wyns, Roxanne
Track 3, Short Papers
The Late Medieval Street Layout of Vienna
[meta data] [files:
Silvestru, Claudiu
Track 3, Short Papers
An easy-to-use multi-dimensional database for the management of cultural heritage buildings
[meta data] [files:
Stefani, Chiara
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Vallet, Jean-Marc
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Luca, Livio De
Track 3, Short Papers
Cellars of Paris, under the cobbles, cellars!
[meta data] [files:
Sandron, Dany
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Chaumet, Gregory
Track 3, Short Papers
The Cathedral of Palermo: from survey to historic interpretation
[meta data] [files:
Agnello, Fabrizio
Track 3, Short Papers
The virtual concreteness of the architectural project. Ideas and experimentations for a digital archive of the Italian Masters work of the 20th century
[meta data] [files:
Albisinni, Piero
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Carlo, Laura De
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Kantas, Prokopios
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Mancini, Matteo Flavio
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Moscarelli, Alessia
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Mulla, Erald
Track 3, Short Papers
Web Visualization of Complex Reality-Based 3D Models with Nubes
[meta data] [files:
Palacios, Belen Jimenez Fernandez
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Stefani, Chiara
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Lombardo, Julie
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Luca, Livio de
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Remondino, Fabio
Track 3, Short Papers
Aspects of the Digitalisation of the Documentation and Research of Lithuanian Historical Organs
[meta data] [files:
Povilionis, Girenas
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Povilioniene, Rima
Track 3, Short Papers
Building Information Modelling and the Documentation of Architectural Heritage: between the typical and the specific
[meta data] [files:
Fai, Stephen
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Sydor, Mikael
Track 3, Short Papers
Home, sense of place and visitors intepretation of digital cultural immersive experiences in museums.
[meta data] [files:
Schettino, Patrizia
Track 3, Short Papers
Architecture and representation: digital surveying of Pavilion 19 of the former Slaughterhouse (Ex Mattatoio) of Rome
[meta data] [files:
Farroni, Laura
Track 3, Short Papers
Linking 3D Digital Surface Texture Data with Ancient Manufacturing Procedures
[meta data] [files:
Almeida, Vera Moitinho de
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Barceló, Juan Antonio
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Rosillo, Rafel
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Palomo, Antoni
Track 3, Short Papers
Documentation of decision-making process in the analysis of digital heritage objects
[meta data] [files:
Damnjanovic, Uros
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Hermon, Sorin
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Iannone, Giancarlo
Track 3, Short Papers
Preserving Malay Architectural Heritage through Virtual Reconstruction
[meta data] [files:
Ibrahim, Nazrita
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Azmi, Khairul Azhar
Browse
Recent Submissions
Item Revealing shape semantics from morphological similarities of a collection of architectural elements. The case study of the columns of Saint-Michel de Cuxa.(The Eurographics Association, 2013) Buglio, David Lo; Lardinois, Vanessa; Luca, Livio De; -Over the last three decades, the introduction of digital technologies in the field of architectural documentation has profoundly changed the tools and the acquisition techniques. Most of the developments concerns metrical and colorimetric characteristics of the objects studied. These developments, surrounding the practice of architectural survey, tend to respond primarily to the requirements of completeness. In this context, it seems necessary to assess the impact of these instruments on the cognitive value of architectural representation. With a strong technological presence, the study of the built heritage is facing a problem of "overload" of information. Indeed, it fails to strengthen the representation in its role as vehicle of knowledge. Confronted with the intelligibility deficit, this article propose an original approach for reading morphological features of an artifact by using a bottom-up approach: the meaning of the elements comes from the analysis of low-level geometric properties of a collection of instances related to the same theorical model. The idea is to rely on data accumulation in order to make emerge high-level semantic features from the comparative analysis of common low-level geometric features. The introduced principles are illustrated by the comparative analysis of 31 columns of the cloister of the abbey of Saint-Michel Cuxa, aimed to identify a common semantic layout.Item As-Built BIM Modeling of Historic Buildings from Laser and Image Data(The Eurographics Association, 2013) Dore, Conor; Murphy, Maurice; -This paper presents two new developments for as-built BIM modeling of historical buildings. The first is a new library of interactive parametric objects designed for modeling classical architectural elements from survey data. These library objects are dynamic and have parameters that can alter the shape and size of objects for multiple uses and not just once off static modeling. The parametric architectural objects have been designed from historic manuscripts and architectural pattern books. These parametric objects were built using an embedded programming language within the ArchiCAD BIM software called Geometric Description Language (GDL). The second development which is described in more detail in this paper is a parametric building façade which has been developed as a template for fast and efficient modeling of endless configurations of building façades. The design of this parametric façade incorporates concepts from procedural modeling which is an automated approach to generating 3D geometries based on rules and algorithms. With this developed parametric façade, the structure of a façade can be automatically generated by altering parameters for the number of stories, number or horizontal tiles and door position. When automatically generating a façade, the initial position and size of elements are estimated using classical architectural proportions. After the façade is automatically generated users can then interactively edit the position, size and other parameters of façade elements to accurately map objects to survey data. Parametric library objects such as windows, ashlar block wall detail and other architectural elements are incorporated into the parametric façade. The parametric façade template has also been implemented with the Geometric Description Language for ArchiCAD BIM software. This enables the tools developed to utilize the full benefits of BIM software which includes - utomated construction or conservation documents, semantic object orientated objects based on IFC semantic classes, automatic lists of objects and material and the ability to add and link additional information to the model. Initial tests have shown that the parametric façade is more efficient than existing manual BIM methods for creating façade models from survey data. The façade template also provides an easier solution for generating façade models when compared to existing methods. Non-specialist users with little experience in 3D modeling can easily generate and modify the façade template by altering parameters graphically or from a dialogue box.Item Integrating building information modelling and semantic web technologies for management of built heritage information(The Eurographics Association, 2013) Pauwels, Pieter; Mascio, Danilo Di; Meyer, Ronald De; -The historical built environment is acknowledged as a valuable but complex material and cultural resource that needs to be preserved. Digital technologies give the opportunity to improve and expand the comprehension of the complex artefacts present in this built environment. Building information modelling (BIM) and semantic web technologies are two technologies that are often used for the documentation of the built environment and of cultural heritage resources. With our research, we investigate to what extent those technologies can be integrated and which advantages this combination can produce for the analysis and interpretation of our built environment. In this paper, we present the application of BIM software and semantic web technologies to a case study: the Book Tower in Ghent, Belgium. The Book Tower is one of the most important early 20th century buildings in the city of Ghent. Through the paper we will show how BIM and semantic web technologies were integrated, which advantages this combination can produce and which future developments could be considered. The recorded information can be essential to plan and manage a recovery plan and/or a maintenance program taking into consideration also aspects linked to cultural diversity and environmental sustainability.Item Building Information Modeling and real world knowledge(The Eurographics Association, 2013) Garagnani, Simone; -Building Information Modeling is considered by the scientific literature as an emerging trend in the architectural documentation scenario, as it is basically a digital representation of physical and functional features of facilities, serving as a shared knowledge resource during their whole life cycle. BIM is actually a process (not a software, as someone indicated), in which different players act sharing data through digital models in a coordinated, consistent and always up to date workflow, in order to reach reliability and higher quality all over the construction process. This way BIM tools were originally meant to ease the design of new architectures, generated by parametric geometries connected through hierarchical relationships of ''smart objects'' (components self-aware of their identity and conscious of their interactions with each other). However, this approach can also be successfully applied to what already exists: TLS (Terrestrial Laser Scanning) or digital photogrammetry are supposed to be the first abstraction step in a methodology proposal intended as a scientific strategy in which BIM, relying on its own semantic splitting attitude and its topological structure, is explicitly used in representation of existing buildings belonging to the Cultural Heritage. Presenting some progresses in the development of a specific free Autodesk Revit plug-in, nicknamed GreenSpider after its capability to layout points in the digital domain as if they were nodes of an ideal cobweb, this paper examines how point clouds collected during high definition surveys can be processed with accuracy in a BIM environment, highlighting critical aspects and advantages deriving from the application of parametric techniques to the real world domain representation.Item When script engravings reveal a semantic link between the conceptual and the spatial dimensions of a monument: the case of the Tomb of Emperor Qianlong.(The Eurographics Association, 2013) Luca, Livio De; Busayarat, Chawee; Domenico, Francesca De; Lombardo, Julie; Pierrot-Deseilligny, Marc; Stefani, Chiara; Wang, Françoise; -Like most Chinese imperial tombs, the tomb of Emperor Qianlong consists of a suite of four rooms forming a underground space of 372 m2. Its originality lies in the inscriptions which are engraved on the walls and vaults and exclusively in Tibetan (30,000 characters) and Lantsa (600 characters). In the project we present here, all engravings were digitized and a large part of them have been identified. Their identification has highlighted the idea which was certainly at the base of ornamental program of the Qianlong's tomb: the choice of texts and their particular arrangement was used to virtually reconstruct a "stupa" : a Buddhist funerary monument. So the study and representation of script engravings and iconography of the tomb opened the general issue of finding an original solution to explain, from a visual and semantic point of view, the relationship of two parallel dimensions. On the one hand, the description of the morphology of the tomb through the spatial structure of geometric entities in a 3D model (collection of architectural forms and spatial relationships), on the other hand, the description of knowledge related to the Tibetan funeral rituals (abstract concepts and semantic relations). The formalized and represented textual and graphics data become accessible within an analytical support (information system) allowing to explore the relationship between the conceptual and spatial dimensions of the tomb through three interactive devices interconnected: a real-time 3D scene for exploring the physical space, a dynamic graph for navigating within a network of interconnected concepts, an graphic schema displaying the theoretical position of each conceptual and spatial entity within the representation of a virtual stupa.Item From survey to HBIM for documentation, dissemination and management of built heritage. The case study of St.Maria in Scaria d Intelvi(The Eurographics Association, 2013) Brumana, Raffaella; Oreni, Daniela; Raimondi, Anna; Georgopoulos, Andreas; Bregianni, Angeliki; Barazzetti, Luigi; -The research presented here is the result of two related theses, carried out in collaboration between PoliMi, (Italy) and NTUA, (Greece). Part of it is carried out within the INTERREG EU project framework, which aims to the valuation and dissemination of the role of the Church of S. Maria di Scaria (Vall' Intelvi) in the international European exchange of skills in the past centuries. It mainly focuses on the Carloni's intervention (XVIII century), a local family of craftsmen, famous across many European cities and regions for the construction of monuments with rich decorations. In this way they managed to send holy gifts and money, but also offered their skills in order to enrich the church of Scaria as a symbol of their success. The laser scanning and photogrammetric surveys have been carried out with the on-site stratigraphic analysis and with the quest for the scarcely available historical documents, in an attempt to study the reconstruction and the main transformations and chronological phases, from the Romanic to the Baroque interventions and to the more recent ones: An integrated BIM approach has been chosen as an experimental way of transmitting a piece of the history of the church life to the local people and also for touristic purposes. In order to disseminate the information on the transformations of the building and on the various decorations in a way that would facilitate the readability and interpretation of the monument by the visitors, a little local museum, co-funded by the EU Interreg programme, is planned to be realized mainly containing the exhibition of the collections of the sacred vessels and furnishings donated to the church in the past. To enhance this aim a 3D object modeling will also be exposed in the multimedia section of the museum. A Heritage Building Information Modeling (HBIM) has been developed, while investigating the potential of an object library specially generated to illustrate the various structural elements, the multiple c- nstruction technologies for the walls, the vault system, the roof etc., and the decorative layers (frescos, stuccos and frames), along with the critical aspects faced by standard BIM in a complex geometry shift from Surface approach to Object modeling. The research contributes to the explanation of the sequence and construction technologies adopted for the vault system, the first two vaults of the nave (their interesting texturing and the particular geometry registered by laser scanning related to the hypothesized centering), with respect to the vault covering the altar and the apse. The HBIM approach development is analyzed to help the generation of a vocabulary and an abacus of elements to be geographically referenced across Europe to disseminate typical construction elements and skills.Item Application of Near Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy (NIRS) technology in the characterisation of construction materials in exceptional buildings: first results.(The Eurographics Association, 2013) Ureña, MarÃa Jesús Aguilera; Larriva, José Emilio Meroño de; Ballesteros, Andrés Ortega; Moreno, Alberto Jesús Perea; Neira, Julia Barrios; -This work discusses the use of Near Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy (NIRS) analysis with the object of studying the degree of degradation of stone material and other elements in cultural heritage monuments, as an alternative to traditional laboratory methods, with the advantage of being a fast non-destructive process that requires little or no sample preparation, thereby reducing the amount of time required and the expense. NIRS is a spectroscopic method which uses the near infrared region of the electromagnetic spectrum (from about 800 nm to 2500 nm). The technique can help to identify a chemical component starting from their different Near IR absorption spectrum. It has been widely applied over the last forty years in food and agricultural science and in many other fields such as pharmatheutics, medicine, forestry and petrochemical. However, it has rarely been applied with the purpose mentioned in this paper. The study was conducted on the Church of "Santa Marina de Aguas Santas", situated in the historical centre of the city of Cordoba (Spain). This paper presents the first stage of the research. Samples taken in situ are analyzed by a NIR spectrometer in laboratory. The object is to obtain models for the quantification of majority components of stone material (calcium and quartz) as well as indexes of alteration, from NIR response of the samples. After this, it will be necessary to study if these models would have a correct behaviour being applied with data taken in situ, with a portable NIR. The results obtained prove that this technique can be efficiently applied saving both time and money.Item Numerical analysis of historical masonry structures for stone degradation diagnosis : An application to the Roman Amphitheater of Nîmes(The Eurographics Association, 2013) Bagneris, Marine; Dubois, Frédéric; Martin, Alexandre; -This paper features a study which aims at understanding the phenomenology governing the limestone alteration on the Gallo-Roman Amphitheater of Nîmes. The simulations are carried out on the LMGC90 platform based on the Non Smooth Contact Dynamics method. The first attempt consists in evaluating the load transfer though the structural elements thanks to a 3D rigid modelling made of 5000 blocks. Special features to generate the complex geometry are also presented. Results obtained from the rigid model are then suitably used to perform a Finite Element Analysis on a deformable block subjected to different factors of degradation. A discussion enlightens the part played by each scenario and finally brings informations for the restoration process.Item A computer-assisted constraint-based system for assembling fragmented objects(The Eurographics Association, 2013) Palmas, Gregorio; Pietroni, Nico; Cignoni, Paolo; Scopigno, Roberto; -We propose a computer-assisted constraint-based methodology for virtual reassembly of Cultural Heritage (CH) artworks. Instead than focusing on automatic, unassisted reassembly, we targeted the scenarios where the reconstruction process is not be based on shape properties only but it is build over the experience and intuition of a CH expert. Our purpose is therefore to design a flexible interactive system, based on the selection of a set of constraints which relates different fragments, according to the understanding and experience of the CH operator. Once the user has defined those constraints, the system searches for a suitable solution, using a global energy minimization strategy that considers simultaneously all the pieces involved in the reconstruction process. Additionally, our framework provides the possibility to work in a hierarchical way, mimicking the traditional physical procedure that archaeologists use to reassemble tangible fractured objects. The frameworks is designed to work even with fragments that could have been severely damaged or eroded. On those datasets, automatic approaches may often fail, since the fractured regions do not contain enough geometric information to infer the correct matches. We present some successful uses of our framework on real application scenarios.Item High performance hybrid FEM/DEM simulation tool for numerical analysis of historical structures(The Eurographics Association, 2013) Bagnéris, Marine; Dubois, Frédéric; Jean, Michel; Martin, Alexandre; Taforel, Paul; Visseq, Vincent; -The current paper aims at presenting the various aspects of a modeling and simulation framework dedicated to the study of historical structures considered as complex mechanical systems with interactions (contact, friction, cohesion, etc) and multi-physics couplings (thermal effects, diffusion, etc). Based on the proposed framework a simulation tool has been developed, with a complete strategy (pre-processing, simulation, post-processing), making possible to deal efficiently with the numerical modeling of those structures; it is available as an open-source software: LMGC90 [4].Item Documentation and dissemination of Cultural Heritage: current solutions and considerations about its digital implementation(The Eurographics Association, 2013) Cimadomo, Guido; -Dissemination of architectural and archaeological Cultural Heritage is a relevant task in the process of its documentation and has to reach the wider audience possible. Digital implementation is today a must, and is more and more accessible considering that Information Technologies skills required are being simplified thanks to new solutions and open source sharing. The paper focuses on the different opportunities that researchers have to disseminate the results of material heritage, from digital repository to three-dimensional platforms, considering also commercial software, and will reflect their strenghts and weaknesses related with built heritage, in order to make possible the best selection since the beginning of the project, an aspect that is becoming more and more relevant with the added difficulties that arise with the evolution and consolidation of standardization and digital languages.Item The West Digital Conservatory of Archaeological Heritage project(The Eurographics Association, 2013) Barreau, Jean-Baptiste; Gaugne, Ronan; Bernard, Yann; Cloirec, Gaétan Le; Gouranton, Valérie; -The West Digital Conservatory of Archaeological Heritage project, a.k.a. WDCAH, is a new French research organization whose aim is to both ensure the preservation of digital archaeological data, and deliver expertise in production, analysis, visualization and virtual reality exploration techniques. This project is an interdisciplinary project composed of engineers and researchers in archaeology, computer science, virtual reality and 3D interaction with virtual environments. The major objectives of this conservatory project are: (i) sustainable and centralized safeguarding and archiving of 2D/3D data produced by the archaeological community; (ii) free access to metadata; (iii) secure access to data for the different actors involved in scientific projects and (iv) the support and advice for these actors in the 3D data production and exploration through the latest digital technologies, modeling tools and virtual reality systems. This paper focuses on the first activities of the WDCAH which mainly concern digital models production using photogrammetry, 3D laser scans, and 3D computer graphics software. We are currently working on the reconstitution of six archaeological sites located in the west of France ranging from prehistory to the Middle Ages: the Cairn of Carn Island, the covered pathway of Roh Coh Coet, the Goh Min Ru megalithic site, the gallo-roman mansion of Vanesia, the keep of the Château de Sainte-Suzanne, the Porte des Champs of the Château d'Angers. Other proposals are currently under study.Item Bologna porticoes project: a 3D repository for WHL UNESCO nomination(The Eurographics Association, 2013) Apollonio, Fabrizio Ivan; Gaiani, Marco; Felicori, Mauro; Guidazzoli, Antonella; Virgolin, Luigi; Liguori, Maria Chiara; Fallavollita, Federico; Ballabeni, Massimo; Sun, Zheng; Baglivo, Antonio; -The system of Bologna porticoes, included in 2006 in the Italian tentative list of World heritage sites of UNESCO, will undergo a definitive recognition of the nomination as part of the program of the current municipal council. The nomination is aimed at highlighting the portico, not only as a high-quality architectural work, which in the past centuries has become a distinctive feature of the town, but also in its social, community and anthropological meanings, as a meeting place, a protected space. The nomination project refers to different subjects and is divided into many levels of action. Among them we are going to develop a platform conceived for on-line accessing the wealth of data and resources related to the Bolognese porticoes system, such as historical, artistic, architectural resources, besides all those data regarding its actual management. The platform will perform the harvesting of several already existing databases, making the data available to citizens, tourists and scholars thanks to a graphic interface allowing a navigation in space and time. Therefore our system will facilitate the development of further cultural and promotional cross-medial applications, such as apps for mobile devices, augmented graphics and 3D architectural mapping events. Through social media tools, citizens will be invited not only to enjoy and share the proposed contents, but also to take an active stance in the project by uploading contents and comments. The core of our platform will consist of reality-based high quality 3D models usable and navigable within the system as main user interface. Uniform quality and consistency of our reality-based 3D digital models along the more than 40 km of porticoes was ensured by a controlled, low-cost process starting from photo-modeling techniques.Item Virtual Reconstruction and Experimental Attempt in Archaeology: The Massalian Treasury in Delphi(The Eurographics Association, 2013) Mulliez, Maud; Jockey, Philippe; Vincitore, Mauro; -Around 500 BC, the Massalians went to Delphi to erect a Treasury in Athena's sanctuary. A Treasury is like a small temple. It is, however, both an offering and a place to shelter offerings. The construction of the Treasury by the Massilians was as much an act of devotion as a sign of Massalia's growing might as a trading city. Since the city of Marseille has been designated as European Capital of Culture 2013, it makes perfect sense to commemorate this amazing and symbolic archeological monument. The sculpted elements of the Treasury which have been preserved have been exhibited in Marseille's archeological museum (MAM, Centre Vieille Charité). In order to give an idea of the greatness and splendor of this edifice, a 3D virtual color reconstruction has been rendered. It was a great opportunity to create synergy between many different fields of study i.e. archaeology, architecture, science, history, art and computer science.Item A PageRank based predictive model for the estimation of the archaeological potential of an urban area(The Eurographics Association, 2013) Dubbini, Nevio; Gattiglia, Gabriele; -We present the analysis of multi-faceted, GIS managed data for determining the archaeological potential, i.e. a measure of the possibility that a more or less significant archaeological stratification is preserved. We used a sizable number of datasets, in order to consider the problem of estimation of archaeological potential in all of its aspects: archaeological data, building archaeological data, historical data, toponymic data, geomorphological data. As the identification of relations among finds is a key issue for the data mining in archaeological interpretation process, we applied a modified version of the PageRank model, because the criteria for assigning importance to web pages by search engines are similar and based on relations, also. The procedure included a categorization archaeological data, the assignment of initial values of potential to the available data through an automatic procedure, the creation of geomorpho-logical facies maps, the definition of functional areas (i.e. the levels of spatial and functional organization: urban, suburban and rural areas), and the application of the PageRank based algorithm. The model has been applied on the urban area of Pisa, and tested through the data of 14 new cores. The map of archaeological potential consists of the composition of the 7 layers, one for each archaeological period under consideration: Protohistory, Etruscan period, Roman period, Late Roman period, Early Medieval period, Late Medieval period, Modern Age, Contemporary Age. The results, including the archaeological potential map, are to be considered as the first steps towards an automatic, formally definable, and repeatable, approach to the computation of archaeological potential.Item Simulation of Past Life: Controlling Agent Behaviors from the Interactions between Ethnic Groups(The Eurographics Association, 2013) Lim, Chen Kim; Cani, Marie-Paule; Galvane, Quentin; Pettre, Julien; Talib, Abdullah Zawawi; -Many efforts have been carried out in preserving the history and culture of Penang and also other regions of Malaysia since George Town was elected as a UNESCO living heritage city. This paper presents a method to simulate life in a local trading port in the 1800s, where various populations with very different social rules interacted with each other. These populations included Indian coolies, Malay vendors, British colonists and Chinese traders. The challenge is to model these ethnic groups as autonomous agents, and to capture the changes of behavior due to inter-ethnic interactions and to the arrival of boats at the pier. Agents from each population are equipped with a specific set of steering methods which are selected and parameterized according to predefined behavioral patterns (graphs of states). In this paper, we propose a new formalism where interactions between the different ethnics groups and with the boats can be either activated globally or locally. Global interactions cause changes of states for all the agents belonging to the target population, while local interactions only take place between specific agents, and result in changes of states for these agents only. The main contributions of our method are: i) Applying microscopic crowd simulation to the complex case of a multi-ethnic trading port, involving different behavioral patterns; ii) Introducing a high-level control method, through the inter-ethnic interactions formalism. The resulting system generates a variety of real-time animations, all reflecting the adequate social behaviors. Such a system would be particularly useful in a virtual tour application.Item News Search Using Discourse Analytics(The Eurographics Association, 2013) Thompson, Paul; Nawaz, Raheel; Korkontzelos, Ioannis; Ananiadou, Sophia; -The vast numbers of digitised documents containing historical data constitute a rich research data repository. However, computational methods and tools available to explore this data are still limited in functionality. Research on historical archives is still largely carried out manually. Text mining technologies offer novel methods to analyse digital content to identify various types of semantic information in these documents and to extract them as semantic metadata. Methods range from the automatic identification of named entities (e.g., people, places, organisations, etc.) to more sophisticated methods to extract information about events (e.g., births, deaths, arrests, etc.), allowing users to greatly increase the specificity of their search. We have created an extended model of event interpretation to allow searches to be refined based on various discourse facets, including isolating definite information about events from more speculative details, distinguishing positive and negative opinions and categorising events according to information source. We present ISHER as an example of a multi-faceted, semantically oriented system for searching news articles from the New York Times, dating back to 1987. We explain how our extended event interpretation model can enhance search capabilities in systems such as ISHER, including the identification of contrasting and contradictory information in news articles.Item Digital reconstruction and visualization in archaeology. Case-study drawn from the work of the Swedish Pompeii Project(The Eurographics Association, 2013) Dell'Unto, Nicolò; Ferdani, Daniele; Leander, Anne Marie; Dellepiane, Matteo; Callieri, Marco; Lindgren, Stefan; -The Swedish Pompeii Project started in 2000 as a research and fieldwork activity initiated by the Swedish Institute in Rome. The aim was to record and analyze an entire Pompeian city-block, Insula V 1. Since autumn 2011 a new branch of advanced digital archaeology, involving 3D reconstructions and documentation methods, was added to the project agenda. The insula was completely digitized using laser scanner technology and the raw data were employed to develop different research activities in the area of digital visualization. This paper presents the recent results of the 3D interpretation of the house of Caecilius Iucundus. This research activity was developed employing a large variety of historical and archaeological sources such as: archaeological reports, historical image documentation (printed as well as in edited material) and analysis of the in situ structures. This work was characterized by the experimentation of a new workflow of data development, where the elaboration of the interpreted structures took place directly in virtual space, using the scanned model as geometrical reference. This method easily connected all the historical and archaeological sources collected for the interpretation, opening a new discussion about different possible interpretation of the house. Moreover, a Cave Automatic Virtual Environment (CAVE) was used in different occasions as platform where the different hypotheses could be discussed in the context given by the actual state of the archaeological structures. The use of an accurate and resolute replica of the site as a backdrop for the virtual reconstruction allowed a high level of control on the proposed hypotheses during the interpretation process. This study enabled the acquisition of new and important information about the house, thus, bringing a significant contribution to the archaeological analysis of Insula V 1, suggested as pilot project for wider use.Item New Media Technology and Interpretation of Asian Art: Yuan Ming Yuan: Qing Emperors' Splendid Gardens(The Eurographics Association, 2013) Din, Herminia; Lin, Fang-Yin; Bailey, Darrell; -''Yuan Ming Yuan: The Qing Emperors' Splendid Gardens'' is the first episode of the ''Three Hills and Five Gardens [1]'' world touring exhibition. Yuan Ming Yuan is also known as the Garden of Gardens. By integrating contemporary media art technology with international authorized historical resources, the exhibition reveals the different aspects of Yuan Ming Yuan to the public. In addition, the exhibition can be seen as a milestone since it is the first original international touring exhibition that presents the classical imperial garden life of Qing Dynasty. This paper discusses the curatorial concepts and features of this exhibition with three chapters: perspectives presentation, theatrical storytelling space, digital interpretation of historical sites.Item ATHENA: Automatic Text Height ExtractioN for the Analysis of old handwritten manuscripts(The Eurographics Association, 2013) Pintus, Ruggero; Yang, Ying; Rushmeier, Holly; -A massive digital acquisition of huge sets of deteriorating historical documents is mandatory due to their value and delicacy. The study and the browsing of such digital libraries is becoming crucial for scholars in the Cultural Heritage field, but it requires automatic tools for analyzing and indexing those dataset items. We present here a layout analysis method to perform automatic text height estimation, without the need of any kind of manual intervention and user defined parameters. It proves to be a robust technique in the case of very noisy and damaged handwritten manuscripts. The effectiveness of the method is demonstrated on a huge heterogeneous corpus of medieval manuscripts, with different writing styles, and affected by other uncontrollable factors, such as ink bleed-through, background noise, and overtyping text lines.Item Orthogonal IRT Imaging(The Eurographics Association, 2013) Franzen, Christoph; Siedler, Gunnar; Franzen, Carola; Vetter, Sebastian; -For the montage of large true to scale image plans the high quality of rectification of all single images is a major requirement. An automatic image processing with marker matching and rectification of IRT image stacks is now enabled with the help of newly developed optothermal markers. Thus the photogrammetric digital image processing of IRT investigation results now yields deformation-true information for data interpretation and image use in further mapping.Item Finite Element Modelling of Contact in Rubble Stone Masonry(The Eurographics Association, 2013) Isfeld, Andrea; Shrive, Nigel; -Multi-wythe masonry walls are a common structural component of heritage buildings. Typically constructed with two dressed outer wythes and a rubble core, these structures are susceptible to environmental degradation, as infiltration of water coupled with freeze-thaw action can break down the existing mortar which can then be flushed out of the wall. The resulting un-bonded core material applies pressure on the outer wythes, leading to lateral displacements and possible failure of the walls. Study of these deformations, and the effects of potential intervention methods through finite element modelling, can ensure adequate measures are selected and implemented. With the core being composed of rounded or fragmented stones and containing little of the original mortar, failure is dominated by rotation and sliding of the stones, rather than failure of the stone units. A dynamic simplified micromodel captures the geometry of the individual stones within a cross-section of a wall from the Prince of Wales fort in northern Canada, allowing translation of the units under self-weight. Linear elastic material properties and frictional contact conditions reduce the complexity of the model while adequately representing the observed conditions. As mesh density is known to impact the results of contact problems greatly, a small sample of stones from the wall has been studied using 8 models containing between 778 and 11701 linear elements. High mesh densities are required to approximate the curved geometry, and reduce faceting due to the flat element edges. These models are run under two separate time steps, in the first the load is applied and in the second the parts are allowed time to reach equilibrium. The resulting displacements of the small models have been examined and compared, optimizing the mesh density for the given sample, which can then be applied to the full cross section.Item JAVANESE CHARACTERS IMAGE SEGMENTATION FROM DOCUMENT IMAGE OF HAMONG TANI(The Eurographics Association, 2013) Himamunanto, Rudatyo; Widiarti, Anastasia Rita; -Script image segmentation of a document image is the most decisive step to the success of the process of transliteration of the script image into another script, such as automatically transliterating a printed Javanese manuscript image into a Latin manuscript. This paper gives an example of the application of profile projection modification to the segmentation of Javanese script document image of the entire 87 pages of the document image of HamongTani book. Based on the output of the developed system, the average percentage of correctness is 84.255% with the average standard deviation of 14.093%. This value of average percentage of correctness shows that the model developed for the Java script document image segmentation of the HamongTani book is relatively good.Item Laser-Scanned Tree Stem Filtering for Forest Inventories Measurements(The Eurographics Association, 2013) Ravaglia, Joris; Bac, Alexandra; Piboule, Alexandre; -With specific flora and fauna, regional landscapes and forests constitute an important part of the cultural heritage. Several natural environments have already been classified as national or regional parks. The UNESCO World Heritage covers 13% of the protected forests in the world. Thus, preserving those sites represents a crucial issue. Such a safeguarding involves a detailed knowledge of the sites and forestry management plans. The management of a natural forest is traditionally based on forest plot inventories in which several features of the trees are measured. The set of data collected during these inventories represents the starting point of forest monitoring, flora preservation and risks prevention. Traditionally, measurements are made manually by operators. However, during the last decade, terrestrial laser scanning has become a new and promising way of measuring such attributes. This instrument provides a fine three dimensional point cloud virtual representation of the scanned scene. Trees location, stem diameter, and stem taper can be extracted from these point clouds using pattern recognition algorithms. In this paper we present a novel two steps way to improve the quality of tree branching detection in a three dimensional point cloud acquired by terrestrial laser scanner. This method was developped in order to enhance the results of a previous study. Our approach is based on the combination of a simplification step (using particle simulation), followed by a shape detection (discrete arcs of circle detection). It identifies the lack of accuracy in tree stem diameter measurements at branching junctions for further more detailled analysis.Item IFC and CityGML : going further than LOD(The Eurographics Association, 2013) Tolmer, Charles-Edouard; Castaing, Christophe; Diab, Youssef; Morand, Denis; -Modeling a built environment for any construction project or asset management is usually limited to a simple 3D visualization. Data and metadata related to modeled objects are not included sufficiently in the modeling, especially for infrastructures. In addition, the needs of the construction industry are constantly changing: we mainly retain in a lot of projects, concurrent engineering, life cycle analysis and the implementation of the European Directive INSPIRE. These changes in the design and building practices require large flows of information that cannot be left to self-organization. Furthermore, the information flow from the project to the built heritage is sequenced. Following these findings, we examined the existing data models for the construction trades such as CityGML and IFC. Both of these standards provide in principle to manage design, construction and operation of a project. Firstly, this paper shows the reason for which we believe that the approach by these two standards is not sufficient to structure information in urban and infrastructure projects, considering design but also long-term operation of built structures. In addition, we discuss the fact that IFC and CityGML data models respectively integrate Level Of Development and Level Of Detail which differ in their name and also in their content. We will explain our interpretation of these two kinds of levels. Finally, we discuss about adding other levels types which are needed to make the data model more structured and consistent to the various demands and needs that must respond, from the beginning of the project to the asset management.Item Automatic localization of tombs in aerial imagery: application to the digital archiving of cemetery heritage(The Eurographics Association, 2013) Chaumont, Marc; Tribouillard, Louis; Subsol, Gérard; Courtade, Florian; Pasquet, Jérôme; Derras, Mustapha; -This paper deals with digital archiving of cemetery heritage. A built cemetery is a tangible evidence of historical and cultural periods through the style and the shape of tombs. It gives quantitative information on the local population, about its history (by reading birth and death dates), its culture (by analysing name typology) and its temporal evolution (by using the family names written on the tombs). There is thus a crucial need to archive cemetery data for heritage purposes. The first step for digital archiving is to locate the tombs. A practical way is to use aerial images. We propose to automate this process by using image processing algorithms. This is a challenging problem, as in aerial images, tombs have very variable appearance, size and disposition, and many artefacts can occur such as occluding vegetation, shadows or walking people. We focused our study specifically on French cemeteries in Haute-Marne department, all located in villages close to the Langres city. We compare three automated localization methods. All the preliminary results are commented and we discuss other image-processing applications which could be used to enrich cemetery archiving such as writing recognition on headstones.Item Portrait Sculptures of Augustus: Categorization via Local Shape Comparison(The Eurographics Association, 2013) Lu, Min; Zhang, Yujin; Zheng, Bo; Masuda, Takeshi; Ono, Shintaro; Oishi, Takeshi; Sengoku-Haga, Kyoko; Ikeuchi, Katsushi; -3D shape comparison with digital copies draws increasing attention in modern culture heritage studies. In this paper, we focus on analyzing portrait sculptures of Augustus with 3D scanned data. A feasible framework of automatic object categorization is proposed based on shape comparison, where distinguishing regions are simultaneously detected as well. High coincidence between our result and previous archaeological speculations is observed in validation experiments, which confirms the validity of the proposed method.Item Tracing provenance of lost and found Cypriot Byzantine icons(The Eurographics Association, 2013) Vassallo, Valentina; Kyriakou, Niki; Hermon, Sorin; Eliades, Ioannis; -This paper presents an ongoing research on the development of a WebGIS tool, based on a formal knowledge representation, able to trace the spatio-temporal paths of Cypriot Byzantine icons. Many were looted in the past, lost and some recently repatriated. The aim of the research presented below is to develop a system that would present online, for the museum visitors and scholars interested in such artifacts, the diachronic narrative of their lives and conservation.Item Image Fusion for Difference Visualization in Art Analysis(The Eurographics Association, 2013) Blaµek, Jan; Zitova, Barbara; Flusser, Jan; -A new method for difference visualization is presented, oriented on the art analysis application. Compared images are combined into one fused image without losing important image context. Dissimilar regions are highlighted by color, which encodes localized differences. The method was developed for comparison of artwork copies, but it can be applied for general image comparison, too. The method is based on diverging color maps. The color representation of the difference is comprehensible, naturally ordered, and has maximal displayable resolution. The applicability of the method is demonstrated on hierarchy ordering of the copies of the ''A boy with a bird'' painting by Mons Bernardo (1624 1687).Item Placing Intangible Cultural Heritage(The Eurographics Association, 2013) Karavia, Despoina; Georgopoulos, Andreas; -Over the last decades, the concept of Cultural Heritage has included Intangible Cultural Heritage (ICH), mainly due to UNESCO's initiatives. ICH is in danger of disappearance or degradation due to globalization, immigration, urbanization etc. On the other hand, ICH is strongly related to the features of space. It is formed and developed in a specific location, which is influenced by the vicinity with other civilizations. Its topographic features (altitude, inclination, distance from sea or freshwater, climate etc.), their influence in everyday life and the natural raw materials present are determinant in the process of the ICH formation. It is very important to capture and analyze the various forms of ICH, in order to extract the latent human creativity hidden in them, while at the same time studying the influence of space on their evolution. Their capture should be done by implementing appropriate equipment, methods and archival formats in order to fully describe them and to ensure the preservation of the resulting digital archives. Nowadays, the evolution of technology provides flexible means towards this aim. Furthermore, Geographic Information Systems (GIS) are a tool to disseminate and manage spatial data and their relations to attributes, like the forms of ICH They allow the correlation of data, the response to spatial queries and they can lucidly visualize the data. On one hand, a web GIS system, can designate and preserve ICH by presenting the digital records of its forms and by focusing on its relations to place. On the other hand, such a system can be implemented on a research level, by introducing the analysis of the ICH forms, in order to study the influence of the geographic and topographic features of space on their evolution and formation and to study similarities and relationships between ICH of different communities and cultures. This paper describes an integrated approach to the issues of digitization of ICH and the implementation of the analysis- within a GIS environment. Its practical application requires large effort by a multidisciplinary scientific team.Item The patrimonialization process of advertising : from scorn and mistrust to documentary heritage, archive, and history(The Eurographics Association, 2013) Armand, Cécile; -This short essay aims at tracing the patrimonialization process of advertising from the 19th century to nowadays. The process followed third steps. First, advertising evolved from a despised object to a valuable cultural artifact. Considered as useless or deceitful in first place, advertising has gradually managed to gain legitimacy as a useful and even necessary tool for both companies that want to sell their products and for consumers in search of information, and finally as a cultural artifact and a work of art worthy of being collected or entering museums or exhibitions (from French poster designers such as Jules Chéret or Toulouse-Lautrec to the creative revolution in the 1960s or the more recent exhibitions Goudemalion at the Musée des Arts Décoratifs in Paris in 2012). This process of recognition is mainly due to the efforts made by advertisers who participate in the profesionalization process of their activities at the time. The second and more recent step, from a cultural object to an archive, raises such sensible issues as collecting and preserving advertisements; digitization (digitized/digital-born ads; methods and tools); metadata and semantic. As a specific archive, torn between abundance and scarcity or unequal quality of data, it requires a specific literacy from archivists who need to be trained for that purpose. The case of Duke University will serve to illustrate these questions. The last step from an available archive to a historical material also requires a special literacy for historians to build databases and corpora, to identify and select the accurate documents, to choose the appropriate methodology and tools to examine and interpret this specific material. Finally, the question of whether and how to use advertising as a material to imagine new forms of historical narratives (visual or digital narratives, vi- tual exhibits) will be explored. Last but not least, we will examine the transformation of ads in the last decade through digital approaches, the impact of digitization on copyright and on the preservation and study of advertising.Item Investigating a multi-paradigm system for the management of archaeological data: Corpus Lapidum Burgundiae(The Eurographics Association, 2013) Leclercq, Eric; Savonnet, Marinette; Troya, Andres; Buttner, Stephane; -Scientific Information Systems (SIS) must move beyond data repositories and closed systems, to allow collaborations among different research disciplines, to include new types of data, to control data quality, and to enable semantic interoperability. Archaeological data include textual information, measures, sketches, photographies, 3D models, and a vast amount of links between data and historical information sources. We develop a formal model for ontology-based annotations that conforms to a semi-ring algebraic structure and we define a subset of algebraic operators to query annotations. We show how our approach is instantiated in a collaborative Web platform for the Burgundy Stone project.Item Knowledge Cube(The Eurographics Association, 2013) Alrawi, Osama; -Architectural identity, as an evolutionary chain of creative tradition, can only be sustained and revived from within, starting with a strengthening of these very internal processes and not by imposing external forms. Usually talking about architectural heritage it is just about the one preserved for touristic events. To overcome this shortage we are going to deal with depends on knowledge or expertise and also on effective application of requisite processing operations to relevant knowledge. The prototyping, testing, evaluation and evolution all use the formidable power of the computer, but the initial spark come from human creativity. The aim of this paper is to resolve the missing integrative vision of culture as a phenomena concept within the existing ontologies. One common criticism of visualization research is that it presents techniques that are technically interesting but that do not provide solutions to real problems. This is a classic problem in research tool and system designs, where technologists have a vision, based on what is computationally possible, but lack an understanding of what is really needed to solve the problems of their generative systems to become a source of inspiration for architectural design process. The new relations between digital form and digital processes are contributing today to the emergence of new conceptual vocabulary, and domain knowledge. Ontologies are known as artifacts designed to model domains of knowledge in a machine understandable manner. In order to exploit machine power in historical data processing it would be necessary to achieve machine interpretable knowledge which is tied with knowledge representation and ontologies. Creative thought potential users. The solution to this problems are the imaginative use which means using the computer like the genii in the bottle to compress evolutionary space and time so that complexity and emergent architectural forms are also a source of inspiration.Item A Model to anticipate and analyse Requirements of Heritage Organisations wishing to actively participate in Europeana(The Eurographics Association, 2013) Muhammad, Naeem; Koutalieris, George; Streefkerk, Marco; Poot, Nathalie; Alloing, Sam; Wyns, Roxanne; -Heritage organisations wishing to participate in open and public aggregators such as Europeana, need to review and revise their own digital curation workflow processes in order to tackle both the technical integration as well as the organizational and operational issues. This framework of challenges is addressed by Europeana Inside, a new project co-funded by the European Union under the CIP-ICT-PSP Programme. In this paper, the major results that were produced during the functional specification activities are summarised and the MSP-VSE model that was deployed for the harmonisation of requirements is presented. MSP-VSE is currently being used to drive the cascading ECK Prototype Iterations and the related software evaluations performed by participating content providers.Item The Late Medieval Street Layout of Vienna(The Eurographics Association, 2013) Silvestru, Claudiu; -The present day street layout in Vienna's historical center is a product of the construction boom in the 13th Century, being the city's most present and also unnoticed medieval heritage. At the end of the 12th Century the city of Vienna occupies the area within the ancient fortification of roman Vindobona. Financially backed up through the ransom for Richard I, Babenberger Duke Leopold V decides to raise a new city wall, expanding the urban area by ca. 450%. As a consequence, the already commenced functional development to a late medieval city increases. By the end of the late Middle Ages Vienna has a complex hierarchically structured public space with several functional centers. The first planimetric representations of the city show it at the break of Renaissance (the plans of Bonifaz Wolmuet 1547 and Augustin Hirschvogel 1547), with a new fortification system to improve the one severely damaged during the Ottoman siege 1529. The paper at hand presents a new digital reconstruction of the late medieval street pattern of Vienna and a brief analysis of the public space at the beginning of the 16th century. The city plan is based on the GIS supported overlay of existing punctual research results on the urban development of Middle Age Vienna with the information content of several historical maps and the preserved medieval architecture. In doing so it represents a useful tool for further research on the city layout employing digital methods (e.g. the Space Syntax analysis mentioned in this paper). This paper is part of current PhD-research on the urban development of medieval Vienna and new means of interpretation and presentation of the medieval Viennese cultural heritage.Item An easy-to-use multi-dimensional database for the management of cultural heritage buildings(The Eurographics Association, 2013) Stefani, Chiara; Vallet, Jean-Marc; Luca, Livio De; -Multidimensional databases constitute a handy solution to store and display data collected in the fields of conservation and restoration. However, knowledge on the current state of monuments depends on a heterogeneous corpus of data (cartography of degradation/materials, past restoration actions, core samples, photogrammetric data, analysis data, etc.). With the purpose of structuring this large volume of data, visual aspects characterizing the surfaces of heritage buildings can be semantically annotated in NUBES, an information system specific for architecture. Annotations are treated by defining relationships between the 3D elements and their textures. In this way, annotated elements can be displayed and retrieved in the 3D scene. Based on our previous experience, this article proposes a refinement of the data structuring according to time criteria. This time-structuring is applied to the ''Chapelle de Fresques'' of the Charterhouse of Villeneuve-les-Avignon, and integrates validated thesauri such as the ICOMOS ISCS glossary and other common use lexica from the conservation field. This protocol is accompanied with customized descriptive tables that contribute to structure the information according to multiple hierarchical levels chosen by the user. The final aim is to give an easy-to-use analysis tool for conservation experts. Data from different time states can be added, current diagnosis states can be supported, and data can be cross-referenced against each other. This interface constitutes the basis of a new predictive tool for conservation management.Item Cellars of Paris, under the cobbles, cellars!(The Eurographics Association, 2013) Sandron, Dany; Chaumet, Gregory; -This project of systematic investigation of Parisian cellars is by nature pluri-disciplinary. It relies on the complementary skills of historians, architectural historians, archaeologists, architects and engineers. For several years, the Centre Chastel (UMR 8150) has developed a specific research axis about Paris, and is now associated with other organisations that have produced expert works and surveys on the development of the city based on documentary and archaeological materials: the Department for History of Architecture and Archaeology of Paris (DHAAP), the Heritage and inventory services of the Ile de France region, which benefits from a strong regional experience in the analysis of cellars, the National Archives and their centre on the historical topography of Paris and the INRAP engineers and archaeologists.Item The Cathedral of Palermo: from survey to historic interpretation(The Eurographics Association, 2013) Agnello, Fabrizio; -The Norman kings built the Cathedral of Palermo at the end of the XII century, in the same place where an older Christian church and then a mosque were sited. Many features of the Cathedral echo the Norman churches in northern France and in England, whilst some others belong to the peculiar mixing of Norman, Muslim and Byzantine culture that characterizes the art and architecture of medieval Sicily. At the end of the XVIII century the church underwent huge and extensive transformations, that deeply altered its original shape. The historic sources that document the Medieval church are some XVIII century perspective drawings, and a textual description. The Cathedral has been surveyed with topographic and laser scanning devices; some decorative elements have been surveyed with a structured light scanner. In this study survey, 3D modelling and historic sources have been integrated for the purpose to detect the elements that survived the transformations and propose a virtual reconstruction of the state of the Cathedral before the end of the XVIII century.Item The virtual concreteness of the architectural project. Ideas and experimentations for a digital archive of the Italian Masters work of the 20th century(The Eurographics Association, 2013) Albisinni, Piero; Carlo, Laura De; Kantas, Prokopios; Mancini, Matteo Flavio; Moscarelli, Alessia; Mulla, Erald; -We propose to illustrate a methodological approach aimed to establish a "Digital archive of the Italian Masters work in the second half of the 20th century". To this end, we consider the architectural project from its graphic layout as a cultural heritage. Being as part of the field of new representational forms investigation, this work aims at designing, analyzing and communicating architecture. Thanks to its wide professional relapses, its prefiguration of architectural projects and its diffusion through different media, this is a highly developed research area (also at an international level). This is due to continuous development and usage of informatics technologies also in the architectural representation field. New forms of multimedia communication allow using image in all of its forms, from movement to "real-time" visualization, to the so-called "augmented reality" so we overcome the text and image dichotomy using the iconic processing as a critical-interpretative instrument. Computer modeling techniques, used for the project communication at different scales, are particularly suited for the analysis of architecture especially the not-built-ones. They allow the reconstruction of the design process which lead to the spatial, morphological, functional configuration. Italian architects of the second half of last century, represented the national vanguard of contemporary architectural culture through their works. Going over the evolution of their design experimentations we need to involve both the institutional structures delegated to project materials storage, and those responsible for the valorization and dissemination of the architectural culture in Italy.Item Web Visualization of Complex Reality-Based 3D Models with Nubes(The Eurographics Association, 2013) Palacios, Belen Jimenez Fernandez; Stefani, Chiara; Lombardo, Julie; Luca, Livio de; Remondino, Fabio; -This paper discusses the fundamental issues of the real-time web-based visualization of complex reality-based 3D models. As web platform, we use NUBES, an innovative and powerful tool for sharing and analyzing reality-based 3D models online. A new automatic procedure for the setting-up and the uploading of 3D complex scenes into NUBES is presented, including the optimization of the geometric and radiometric information for web visualization.Item Aspects of the Digitalisation of the Documentation and Research of Lithuanian Historical Organs(The Eurographics Association, 2013) Povilionis, Girenas; Povilioniene, Rima; -About 450 historical organs have survived to the present day in Lithuania. Some of them are almost completely authentic instruments which constitute valuable heritage and have been recognised as being unique in European context. Currently the digitalisation of the data about the Lithuanian organ heritage is being implemented at the Centre for the Lithuanian Cultural Heritage since 2000 (until then non-digital data were accumulated) and is oriented towards the promotion of this part of the country's heritage, and scientific research. The most valuable instruments included on the heritage list are registered in detail: comprehensive photography of their separate parts and equipment, engineering data, as well as that of the surviving authentic mechanism and parts. A research into the instrumental part of some the most valuable organs (the organs in the church in Joniskis, the churches of the Holy Spirit and the Bernardine in Vilnius) is introduced. By the drawings it is possible to recreate an organ or make a copy-replica in case it is destroyed; the data can be used to make a new instrument according to old organ-making traditions.Item Building Information Modelling and the Documentation of Architectural Heritage: between the typical and the specific(The Eurographics Association, 2013) Fai, Stephen; Sydor, Mikael; -One of the greatest challenges to using Building Information Modelling (BIM) for the documentation of architectural heritage is in overcoming the propensity of the software toward standardization. Most BIM applications are optimized for industrialized building systems where even a minor deviation in geometry or dimension between like elements is considered problematic. Heritage buildings, on the other hand, are more typically constructed of unique elements that, while sometimes similar, can never be assumed to be identical. For example, two Corinthian capitals from the Temple of Mars Ultor may be similar, but they are not the same. In this paper, we discuss a novel method for developing a BIM for a unique vernacular building in eastern Ontario, Canada. Constructed anonymously in two discrete stages during the last half of the 19C, the builders employed both stacked log and an idiosyncratic balloon frame construction. Both types of construction are far from the standard assemblies found in commercial BIM software. In discussing the construction of the model, we will outline the integration of detailed survey data, including pointcloud, with a library of 'typical', but parametric, construction details under development by our research group. While the survey provides an accurate geometrical record of the building under discussion including structural deformations the library is used to develop the specific assemblies and is based on, and fully indexed to, 'typical' details culled from construction manuals available in Canada during the late 19C.Item Home, sense of place and visitors intepretation of digital cultural immersive experiences in museums.(The Eurographics Association, 2013) Schettino, Patrizia; -What is the relationship between the visitor's hybrid identity and his/her interpretation process? How can his/her relationship with one or more places affect the understanding of a real place, a virtual place, or a digital representation of a real place through augmented panoramas? This paper will answer these two research questions, interpreting the patterns emerging from data collected about visitors' experiences in the immersive environment PLACE-Hampi, designed by Sarah Kenderdine and Jeffrey Shaw. The paper is based on a method which the author calls ''embodied constructivist GTM digital ethnography in situ''.Item Architecture and representation: digital surveying of Pavilion 19 of the former Slaughterhouse (Ex Mattatoio) of Rome(The Eurographics Association, 2013) Farroni, Laura; -The survey discussed here concerns a critical review, through the use of digital technology, of the original design by Gioacchino Ersoch of Pavilion 19 of the former Slaughterhouse of Rome, which was constructed between 1888 and 1891. The intended use of the building required its subdivision into spaces that were subject to strict health regulations. Interventions carried out post-construction, during the course of the 20th century, modified both the formal appearance and the spatial configuration of the complex. The development of a digital model through the processing of the design drawings and working documents pertaining to the original construction has made it possible to revisit the original spatial arrangement, verifying the architectural language and construction techniques implemented. The building in question is characterised by the use of iron, brick and plaster. By conducting a digital survey on a work designed by a specific, named architect, it has been possible to reconstruct thè creative path (the concept) of the architecture, which was associated with a particular historical period the late 19th-century. The complex's invisible "memory" comes to light through the digital design/model: the investigation was geared towards finding out what cannot be conserved because it is no longer extant but which could, nevertheless, offer stimuli for future intervention strategies. The survey was carried out on three parallel levels architectural, structural and decorative and has enabled charts of the elements to be put together that allow for recognition of what has been lost and what, in contrast, remains, both in the specific pavilion in question and across the entire complex, since the complex was subject to a great deal of replication and standardisation. Currently, parts of the pavilions of the former slaughterhouse are being used by Roma Tre University.Item Linking 3D Digital Surface Texture Data with Ancient Manufacturing Procedures(The Eurographics Association, 2013) Almeida, Vera Moitinho de; Barceló, Juan Antonio; Rosillo, Rafel; Palomo, Antoni; -Surface texture is a key parameter in archaeological materials, where its study has been central to use-wear research, as well as in the understanding of manufacturing processes. Nowadays, 3D digital surface textures can be characterized from macroscale to nanoscale, using advanced metrology methods and techniques, and by means of 2D profile or 3D areal (non-)contact instruments, which span a wide range and resolution. In this paper, we describe an experiment based on the quantitative description of geometric surface texture patterns (i.e., the microtopography) from 3D scanned archaeological and experimental materials, in order to assess how objects were manufactured in the past. At the end, we aim to differentiate texture patterns; associate them with possible gestures, carving techniques, and used tools; and understand the technical procedure used by the craftsperson. The archaeological object of study is a large fragment of one of the stelae with carved horns on blocks of sandstone, late 4th millennium cal BC, discovered in 2008 in the Neolithic settlement in the Serra del Mas Bonet (Vilafant, Alt Empordà ), Catalonia. Experimental replicas of this fragment's surface textures were made in blocks of sandstone coming from the same bedrock. The applied method consisted of using a 3D structured light scanner, with a submillimetre resolution, to capture the geometric surface texture of both prehistoric and experimental objects. Then, using surface roughness areal parameters, regulated by international standards, to describe quantitatively the texture patterns of a set of sampled areas. After that, comparisons were made, and a first conclusion is here presented.Item Documentation of decision-making process in the analysis of digital heritage objects(The Eurographics Association, 2013) Damnjanovic, Uros; Hermon, Sorin; Iannone, Giancarlo; -Decision-making is a fundamental part of digital objects production in the field of digital heritage. We present in this paper our efforts on developing an application that will enable easy documentation of the decision-making processes, and provide access to digital objects used in various stages of the process. Our application is built on top of a data repository built in our group. On top of the repository we developed a functionality to represent and describe decisions in a structure of a hierarchical tree. Each step of the decision process is described by linking together data from the repository with decision descriptions. In order to access and explore available decisions and related data we developed an interactive visualization tools that shows the structure of the decision making process and provides access to each individual digital object and relevant information.Item Preserving Malay Architectural Heritage through Virtual Reconstruction(The Eurographics Association, 2013) Ibrahim, Nazrita; Azmi, Khairul Azhar; -Preserving architectural heritage is a challenging and costly task. Digital preservation helps to both reduce costs and make it portable. This paper describes our experience in producing a 3D model of Rumah Tok Su; which is a traditional Malay house, situated in Kedah, Malaysia. The aim of this project is to capture the essence of architectural heritage via still images that are rendered to highlight its beauty and significance.