VCBM 16: Eurographics Workshop on Visual Computing for Biology and Medicine

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https://diglib.eg.org/handle/10.2312/2630861

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Browsing VCBM 16: Eurographics Workshop on Visual Computing for Biology and Medicine by Subject "Applications"

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    A Framework for Fast Initial Exploration of PC-MRI Cardiac Flow
    (The Eurographics Association, 2016) Broos, Arjan J. M.; Hoon, Niels H. L. C. de; Koning, Patrick J. H. de; Geest, Rob J. van der; Vilanova, Anna; Jalba, Andrei C.; Stefan Bruckner and Bernhard Preim and Anna Vilanova and Helwig Hauser and Anja Hennemuth and Arvid Lundervold
    Cardiac flow is still not fully understood, and is currently an active research topic. Using phase-contrast magnetic resonance imaging (PC-MRI) blood flow can be measured. For the inspection of such flow, researchers often rely on methods that require additional scans produced by different imaging modalities to provide context. This requires labor-intensive registration and often manual segmentation before any exploration of the data is performed. This work provides a framework that allows for a quick exploration of cardiac flow without the need of additional imaging and time-consuming segmentation. To achieve this, only the 4D data from one PC-MRI scan is used. A context visualization is derived automatically from the data, and provides context for the flow. Instead of relying on segmentation to deliver an accurate context, the heart's ventricles are approximated by half-ellipsoids that can be placed with minimal user interaction. Furthermore, seeding positions for flow visualization can be placed automatically in areas of interest defined by the user and based on derived flow features. The framework enables a user to do a fast initial exploration of cardiac flow, as is demonstrated by a use case and a user study involving cardiac blood flow researchers.
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    Illustrative PET/CT Visualisation of SIRT-Treated Lung Metastases
    (The Eurographics Association, 2016) Merten, Nico; Glaßer, Sylvia; Lassen-Schmidt, Bianca; Großer, Oliver Stephan; Ricke, Jens; Amthauer, Holger; Preim, Bernhard; Stefan Bruckner and Bernhard Preim and Anna Vilanova and Helwig Hauser and Anja Hennemuth and Arvid Lundervold
    We present an illustrative rendering pipeline which combines anatomical information from CT scans with functional information from PET scans. To treat lung metastases with Selective Internal Radiation Therapies (SIRTs), combined PET/CT recordings are used for treatment planning and intervention validation. We firstly extract surface meshes from the lung lobes and trachea from the CT scan. In addition, the radiation activity of the therapeutic agent 90Y is acquired from the PET data. To convey all this information in one view, we use illustrative rendering techniques, combining Order-Independent Transparencies with Boundary Enhancements and Silhouettes. Our methods are evaluated by clinical and visualisation domain experts. This study indicates an excellent spatial perception and evaluation of tumor position, metabolic and therapeutic agent activity, when transparencies and boundary enhancements are used to render the surrounding lung lobes.
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    PATHONE: From one Thousand Patients to one Cell
    (The Eurographics Association, 2016) Corvò, Alberto; Westenberg, Michel A.; Driel, Marc A. van; Wijk, Jarke J.van; Stefan Bruckner and Bernhard Preim and Anna Vilanova and Helwig Hauser and Anja Hennemuth and Arvid Lundervold
    Digital Pathology is a recent clinical environment in which Electronic Health Records (EHRs), biopsy data and whole-slideimages (WSI) come together to provide pathologists the necessary information for making a diagnosis. Integration of this heterogeneous data into a single application is still one of the challenges in the evolution of pathology to a digital practice. While pathologists can perform diagnoses routinely on digital slides only, this is not the case in clinical research. For such purposes, the link between clinicopathological information of patients and images is essential. For example, image analysis researchers who develop automated diagnostic (support) algorithms need to select a representative set of slides to evaluate their methods. To achieve this, they need applications that combine cohort specification, slide image exploration, and selection of suitable images. We present the visualization tool PATHONE, which enables users to perform these steps on a single screen, integrating cohort and WSI selection.
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    Temporal Interpolation of 4D PC-MRI Blood-flow Measurements Using Bidirectional Physics-based Fluid Simulation
    (The Eurographics Association, 2016) Hoon, Niels H. L. C. de; Jalba, Andrei C.; Eisemann, Elmar; Vilanova, Anna; Stefan Bruckner and Bernhard Preim and Anna Vilanova and Helwig Hauser and Anja Hennemuth and Arvid Lundervold
    Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) enables volumetric and time-varying measurements of blood-flow data. Such data have shown potential to improve diagnosis and risk assessment of various cardiovascular diseases. Hereby, a unique way of analysing patient-specific haemodynamics becomes possible. However, these measurements are susceptible to artifacts, noise and a coarse spatio-temporal resolution. Furthermore, typical flow visualization techniques rely on interpolation. For example, using pathlines requires a high quality temporal resolution. While numerical simulations, based on mathematical flow models, address some of these limitations, the involved modelling assumptions (e.g., regarding the inflow and mesh) do not provide patientspecific data to the degree actual measurements would. To overcome this issue, data assimilation techniques can be applied to use measured data in order to steer a physically-based simulation of the flow, combining the benefits of measured data and simulation. Our work builds upon such an existing solution to increase the temporal resolution of the measured data, but achieves significantly higher fidelity. We avoid the previous damping and interpolation bias towards one of the measurements, by simulating bidrectionally (forwards and backwards through time) and using sources and sinks. Our method is evaluated and compared to the, currently-used, conventional interpolation scheme and forward-only simulation using measured and analytical flow data. It reduces artifacts, noise, and interpolation error, while being closer to laminar flow, as is expected for flow in vessels.
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    Visual Analytics for the Exploration and Assessment of Segmentation Errors
    (The Eurographics Association, 2016) Raidou, Renata G.; Marcelis, Freek J. J.; Breeuwer, Marcel; Gröller, Eduard; Vilanova, Anna; Wetering, Huub M. M. van de; Stefan Bruckner and Bernhard Preim and Anna Vilanova and Helwig Hauser and Anja Hennemuth and Arvid Lundervold
    Several diagnostic and treatment procedures require the segmentation of anatomical structures from medical images. However, the automatic model-based methods that are often employed, may produce inaccurate segmentations. These, if used as input for diagnosis or treatment, can have detrimental effects for the patients. Currently, an analysis to predict which anatomic regions are more prone to inaccuracies, and to determine how to improve segmentation algorithms, cannot be performed. We propose a visual tool to enable experts, working on model-based segmentation algorithms, to explore and analyze the outcomes and errors of their methods. Our approach supports the exploration of errors in a cohort of pelvic organ segmentations, where the performance of an algorithm can be assessed. Also, it enables the detailed exploration and assessment of segmentation errors, in individual subjects. To the best of our knowledge, there is no other tool with comparable functionality. A usage scenario is employed to explore and illustrate the capabilities of our visual tool. To further assess the value of the proposed tool, we performed an evaluation with five segmentation experts. The evaluation participants confirmed the potential of the tool in providing new insight into their data and employed algorithms. They also gave feedback for future improvements.