Haghiabi, NezamSajadzadeh, HasanSharifi, MahdiBabaali, HamidrezaCampana, StefanoFerdani, DanieleGraf, HolgerGuidi, GabrieleHegarty, ZackaryPescarin, SofiaRemondino, Fabio2025-09-052025-09-052025978-3-03868-277-6https://doi.org/10.2312/dh.20253003https://diglib.eg.org/handle/10.2312/dh20253003Intangible Architecture, defined as architecture without physical materials, has recently emerged and is gaining widespread adoption among architectural designers. However, a systematic and comprehensive introduction to this concept is currently lacking. Given its increasing prevalence, a clear definition of its characteristics and dimensions is essential. This study addresses this need through a systematic review employing both quantitative and qualitative approaches. Covering literature up to December 2024, the review identified 56 unique elements pertaining to intangible architecture. These elements were then used to develop a grounded theory, formally titled "Intangible Architecture." The findings indicate that Intangible Architecture offers solutions to the limitations of Tangible Architecture and serves to complement it across various fields, including tourism, Building Information Modeling (BIM), architectural experimentation, the entertainment industry, and education.Attribution 4.0 International LicenseVirtual Reality, Immaterial Architecture, Cinema Decoration, Game DesignVirtual RealityImmaterial ArchitectureCinema DecorationGame Design10.2312/dh.2025300317 pages