Kanta, OguraShimizu, T.Sugino, T.Sawahashi, R.Nishihama, R.Nakamura, T.Garro, ValeriaYoung, GarethElwardy, Majed2025-11-262025-11-262025978-3-03868-279-01727-530Xhttps://doi.org/10.2312/egve.20251367https://diglib.eg.org/handle/10.2312/egve20251367In recent years, the widespread adoption of Head-Mounted Displays (HMDs) has made Virtual Reality (VR) experiences more accessible, leading to the development of force-feedback devices to enhance immersion. Force-feedback devices enhance VR immersion but presenting large, realistic forces, such as for a soccer kick, is challenging due to safety constraints. Therefore, designing the presented reaction force is crucial to enhance realism and mitigate perceptual discrepancies. In this study, we used a lower limb-mounted force-feedback device to investigate how different torque waveforms presented during a ball kick affect user perception.Attribution 4.0 International LicenseCategories and Subject Descriptors (according to ACM CCS): Human centered computing [Human computer interaction]: Interaction devices-Haptic devicesHuman centered computing [Human computer interaction]Interaction devicesHaptic devices10.2312/egve.202513672 pages