Zambanini, SebastianKampel, MartinFranco Niccolucci and Matteo Dellepiane and Sebastian Pena Serna and Holly Rushmeier and Luc Van Gool2013-10-312013-10-312011978-3-905674-34-71811-864Xhttps://doi.org/10.2312/VAST/VAST11/065-072This paper presents an automatic image-based ancient coin classification method that adopts the recently proposed SIFT flow method in order to assess the similarity of coin images. Our system does not rely on pattern classification as discriminative feature extraction and classification becomes very difficult for large coin databases. This is mainly caused by the specific challenges that ancient coins pose to a classification method based on 2D images. In this paper we highlight these challenges and argue to use SIFT flow image matching. Our classification system is applied to an image database containing 24 classes of early Roman Republican coinage and achieves a classification rate of 74% on the coins' reverse side. This is a significant improvement over an earlier proposed coin matching method based on interest point matching which only achieves 33% on the same dataset.Categories and Subject Descriptors (according to ACM CCS): I.4.9 [Image Processing and Computer Vision]: Applications