Yamaguchi, FujioNiizeki, Masatoshi2014-10-212014-10-2119931467-8659https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8659.1230177A new paradigm for geometric processing is proposed. The paradigm can be featured by the four key phrases: (1) Totally Four Dimensional Homogeneous Processing, (2) 4 ? 4 Matrix Method and 4 ? 4 Determinant Method, (3) Integer Arithmetic with Adaptive Data-Length Control Technique, (4) Systematic Paradigm Structures Based on the Duality.10.1111/1467-8659.1230177177-188