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    UNICiv: A Universal Navigation Interface to Civilization
    (The Eurographics Association, 2024) Liu, Yuhan; Tucker, C.; Badler, Norman; Corsini, Massimiliano; Ferdani, Daniele; Kuijper, Arjan; Kutlu, Hasan
    Interactive digital maps are a popular application on mobile devices for navigation, exploration, and virtual travel. Extensive three-dimensional datasets now cover most of the earth with detailed terrain, structures, and transportation networks as they exist contemporaneously. What the world looked like in the ancient past, near the beginnings of human civilization, is more difficult to discover, search, and visualize in a consistently organized temporal and geospatial fashion. UNICiv is built on the Cesium open source 3D Tiles standard to accommodate heterogeneous datasets and leverages visualization in Unreal Engine. UNICiv is an extensible, universal, spatiotemporal interface into the extant 3D modeled structures of the distant past.
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    Enriching Medieval 4D Models with Interactive Narratives
    (The Eurographics Association, 2024) Andujar, Carlos; Cayuela, Begoña; Lorés Otzet, Immaculada; Bosch, Carles; Guardia, Milagros; Munoz-Pandiella, Imanol; Corsini, Massimiliano; Ferdani, Daniele; Kuijper, Arjan; Kutlu, Hasan
    Digital technologies are increasingly used in cultural heritage preservation and dissemination, but some monuments pose significant challenges due to substantial historical architectural and pictorial changes. This paper introduces a method to enrich multi-layered, multi-phase 3D models of cultural heritage with art history knowledge. This is achieved through imagebased annotations, interactive narratives, points of interest, text, and audio, creating guided tours of the monument's historical phases. The approach is user-friendly for art historians, requiring no programming skills for defining such elements. A pilot user evaluation demonstrated its effectiveness in enhancing visitor engagement and understanding, and allowed improving the final web-based application and narratives.
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    Wedge Detection for Predictive Graphical Annotation of Cuneiform Tablets in 3D
    (The Eurographics Association, 2024) Bullenkamp, Jan Philipp; Mara, Hubert; Corsini, Massimiliano; Ferdani, Daniele; Kuijper, Arjan; Kutlu, Hasan
    As Digital Ancient Near Studies (DANES) and Ancient Language Processing (ALP) require larger volumes of annotated documents, we focus on automatically computed graphical annotations for cuneiform tablets, which are among the oldest documents spanning at least three millennia of human history. Cuneiform consists of wedges imprinted on clay tablets, which are best captured by high-resolution 3D acquisition. Existing Open Access 3D models are therefore our data base and have been postprocessed by the GigaMesh software framework, which ensures clean meshes and provides MSII filter responses. This refers to the Gaussian curvature, which is a function value for each vertex of the mesh used for watersheds along the 2D manifold. Watershed labels are determined by non-minimum suppression using a merge parameter. The label contours, i.e., the polygonal lines enclosing the wedges, are smoothed using the Savitzky-Golay filter with the goal of projecting a low-poly line in 2D that can be quickly corrected by the image-based annotation tool known as Cuneur, which allows experts to annotate wedges, signs and semantics. Once the wedges have been determined, wedge types can be automatically proposed using the orientation of the wedges, which is the first step towards a paleographic representation of cuneiform signs, known as PaleoCode.