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Item Components, Frameworks and GKS Input(Eurographics Association, 1989) Duce, D. A.; Ten Hagen, P.J.W.; Van Liere, R.This paper was inspired by the Components/ Frameworks approach to a Reference Model for computer graphics, currently under discussion in the ISO computer graphics subject committee. The paper shows how a formal description of the GKS input model may be given in Hoare’s CSP notation and explores some extensions in which some of the components in the GKS model are replaced by more interesting ones. The paper thus demonstrates some of the power and flexibility inherent in the Component/ Frameworks idea. The use of a formal notation led to a deepening of the authors’ understanding of the input model and suggested some different ways of looking at the input model.Item GKS, Structures and Formal Specification(Eurographics Association, 1989) Duce, D. A.There are now three International Standards for application program interfaces for computer graphics programming, GKS, GKS-3D and PHIGS. In this paper a simplified model GKS-like system is described and a 2D PHIGS-like system is then described in terms of this and a centralized structure store. Formal specifications of the systems are given illustrating how the specification of a system can be built up from a hierarchy of simple components. The purpose of the paper is to illustrate one approach to the description of a compatible family of graphics standards and the use of formal specification techniques in this process.