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Now showing 1 - 3 of 3
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    The Interaction Between Individuals' Immersive Tendencies and the Sensation of Presence in a Virtual Environment
    (The Eurographics Association, 2000) Johns, Cathryn; Nunez, David; Daya, Marc; Sellars, Duncan; Casanueva, Juan; Blake, Edwin; J. D. Mulder and R. van Liere
    Witmer and Singer have developed a questionnaire for presence (PQ) as well as an immersive tendencies questionnaire (ITQ). Their research has shown that ITQ scores are positively correlated with PQ scores. This paper reports on an attempt to replicate these findings in a non-immersive, collaborative setting, by creating one virtual environment designed to engender a high sense of presence in users, and one designed to disrupt and decrease the sense of presence felt by users. The major findings of this attempt were firstly that while there was a difference in the two worlds according to the definition of presence, the PQ did not pick up this difference, and secondly that PQ scores were correlated with ITQ scores only in the so-called "high-presence" environment, implying that Witmer and Singer's results hold only under certain conditions.
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    ViSSh: A Data Visualisation Spreadsheet
    (The Eurographics Association, 2000) Nunez, Fabian; Blake, Edwin; W. de Leeuw and R. van Liere
    We describe a data visualisation system which uses spreadsheets as its user interface metaphor. Similar systems implemented in the past were hampered by the contradiction between an imperative formula language and the declarative spreadsheet framework. We have analysed spreadsheets from a data visualisation point of view, and built a system that is an improvement over past efforts. Our prototype combines the following three techniques: we store lists of values in each spreadsheet cell; we use a functional programming language as the formula language and we make use of lazy evaluation. The novel combination of these techniques makes our system consistently declarative in nature, and gives it several advantages such as small, uncluttered visual programs, the ability to deal with
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    The Effects of Group Collaboration on Presence in a Collaborative Virtual Environment
    (The Eurographics Association, 2000) Casanueva, Juan; Blake, Edwin; J. D. Mulder and R. van Liere
    Presence in Collaborative Virtual Environments (CVEs) can be classified into personal presence and co-presence. Personal presence is having a feeling of being there in the CVE yourself. Co-presence is having a feeling that one is in the same place as the other participants, and that one is collaborating with real people. In this paper we describe an experiment used to investigate the effects that small group collaboration and interaction have on personal presence and copresence in a CVE. We hypothesise that collaboration and interaction enhances co-presence in a CVE. We found that there was a large difference in co-presence between two CVEs which produced different levels of collaboration and interaction. These two VEs were identical and only the task differed. This produced different levels of collaboration and interaction between the two VEs. Personal presence was measured subjectively, using a questionnaire developed by Slater et al. We have developed a co-presence questionnaire which assesses the levels of co-presence subjectively. A collaboration questionnaire has also been developed.